Malta is an archipelago located in the Mediterranean Sea, just south of Sicily. It has been inhabited since prehistoric times and has a long and varied history. It has been ruled by a number of different civilizations, including the Phoenicians, Romans, Arabs, Normans, and the Knights of St. John. In the 16th century, Malta became a part of the Spanish Empire, and in the 18th century, it was occupied by the French. In 1800, Malta became a British protectorate, and in 1964, it gained independence. Today, Malta is a modern, prosperous nation, and a member of the European Union. It is known for its rich cultural heritage, beautiful beaches, and historic sites.