Switzerland has a long and rich history that dates back to the early Celtic and Roman eras. During the Middle Ages, the region was divided into small city-states, each with its own government and laws. In 1291, the three cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden formed an alliance known as the Swiss Confederation, which is considered to be the founding of Switzerland. Over the centuries, Switzerland grew in size and power, becoming a major European power in the 16th century. In 1848, Switzerland adopted a federal constitution and became a federal state. Since then, Switzerland has remained neutral in international conflicts and has become a prosperous and stable nation. Today, Switzerland is known as a peaceful, prosperous, and neutral country, with a strong economy and a high quality of life.